Afrânio Pompílio Gastos do Amaral, Brazilian herpetologist (d. 1982)
Afrânio Pompílio Gastos do Amaral (1 December 1894 in Belém – 29 November 1982 in São Paulo) was a Brazilian herpetologist.

As a youngster, he collected snakes for Augusto Emilio Goeldi (1859-1917). He studied medicine in Salvador, Bahia, later finding employment at the Instituto Butantan in São Paulo. Here, his work involved research and production of anti-venom serum. In 1921 he succeeded Vital Brazil (1865-1950) as director of the Instituto Butantan. During his career, he was the author of over 450 published works.